Drugs and Toxins induced seizures in Emergency departments

1. Seizures are the outward manifestation of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. • Direct intoxication from known poisons or psychotropic drugs, withdrawal from medications or alcohol, or idiosyncratic reactions to pharmaceuticals cause seizure
2.  • Toxin changes in brain chemistry • Promote aberrant electro-cerebral responses which cause seizures • Drug- and toxin-associated seizures (DTSs) differ in etiology but may demonstrate
3. DTS- How it differs? • Postictal state - confused • Ongoing electrical, subclinical status epilepticus • Continuous display electrical activities in the brain even after cessation of convulsion • Aura - unlikely • Features of partial seizure-like lateralized gaze and head deviation are rare

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